What aspect is typically NOT included in the Total Cost of Ownership?

Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) offers a comprehensive view of the complete costs associated with owning an asset, often considering not just the upfront expenses but also the ongoing costs over time. The key components typically included in TCO are initial acquisition costs, operational costs, and maintenance and support costs.

Initial acquisition costs cover the price paid to purchase or acquire the asset. Operational costs involve daily expenses, such as utilities or supplies required for the asset to function effectively. Maintenance and support costs refer to expenses incurred in ensuring the asset operates at optimal performance, including repairs and any necessary upgrades.

On the other hand, employee morale, while crucial to an organization's overall health, is not a tangible or direct cost associated with the ownership of an asset. It is more of an indirect factor that can influence productivity and efficiency, but it does not fit within the standard calculations or categories associated with Total Cost of Ownership. Therefore, it is correct to say that employee morale is typically not included in TCO assessments.